October 1
331BC : Alexander the Great decisively shatters King Darius III's Persian army at Gaugamela (Arbela), in a tactical masterstroke that leaves him master of the Persian Empire.
1273 : Rudolf of Hapsburg is elected emperor in Germany.
1588 : The feeble Sultan Mohammed Shah of Persia, hands over power to his 17-year old son Abbas.
1791 : In Paris, the National Legislative Assembly holds its first meeting.
1839 : The British government decides to send a punitive naval expedition to China.
1847: Maria Mitchell, American astronomer, discovers a comet and is elected the same day to the American Academy of Arts---the first woman to be so honored. The King of Denmark awarded her a gold medal for her discovery.
1856 : The first installment of Gustav Flaubert's novel Madame Bovary appears in the Revue de Parisafter the publisher refuses to print a passage in which the character Emma has a tryst in the back seat of a carriage.
1864 : The Condor, a British blockade-runner, is grounded near Fort Fisher, North Carolina.
1878 : General Lew Wallace is sworn in as governor of New Mexico Territory. He went on to deal with the Lincoln County War, Billy the Kid and write Ben-Hur. His Civil War heroics earned him the moniker Savior of Cincinnati.
1890 : Yosemite National Park is dedicated in California.
1908 : The Ford Model T, the first car for millions of Americans, hits the market. Over 15 million Model Ts are eventually sold, all of them black.
1942 : The German Army grinds to a complete halt within the city of Stalingrad.
1943 : British troops in Italy enter Naples and occupy Foggia airfield.
1944 : The U.S. First Army begins the siege Aachen, Germany.
1946 : Eleven Nazi war criminals are sentenced to be hanged at Nuremberg trials---Hermann Goring, Alfred Jodl, Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Wilhelm Keitel, Joachin von Ribbentrop, Fritz Saukel, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Julius Streicher, and Alfred Rosenberg.
1947 : First flight of F-86 Sabrejet fighter, which would win fame in the Korean War.
1949 : Mao Zedong establishes the People's Republic of China.
1957 : "In God We Trust" appears on US paper currency as an act to distinguish the US from the officially atheist USSR; the motto had appeared on coins at various times since 1864.
1958 : The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) replaces the 43-year-old National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in the US.
1960 : Nigeria becomes independent from the UK.
1961 : The Federal Republic of Cameroon is formed by the merger of East and West Cameroon.
1962 : The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carsondebuts; Carson will remain The Tonight Show host until 1992.
1964 : The first Free Speech Movement protest erupts spontaneously on the University of California, Berkeley campus; students demanded an end to the ban of on-campus political activities.
1964 : Japanese "bullet trains" (Shinkansen) begin high-speed rail transit between Tokyo and Osaka.
1971 : Walt Disney World opens near Orlando, Florida, the second of Disney's "Magic Kingdoms."
1971 : First CT or CAT brain scan performed, at Atkinson Morley Hospital in Wimbledon, London.
1974 : Five Nixon aides--Kenneth Parkinson, Robert Mardian, Nixon's Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and U.S. Attorney General John Mitchell--go on trial for conspiring to hinder the Watergate investigation.
1975 : Legendary boxing match: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in the "Thrilla in Manila."
1979 : US returns sovereignty of the Panama Canal to Panama.
1982 : First compact disc player, released by Sony.
1989 : Denmark introduces the world's first "civil union" law granting same-sex couples certain legal rights and responsibilities but stopping short of recognizing same-sex marriages.
1991 : Siege of Dubrovnik begins in the Croatian War of Independence.
2009 : The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom takes over judicial functions of the House of Lords.
No comments:
Post a Comment