Today in History September 27
1540 : The Society of Jesus, a religious order under Ignatius Loyola, is approved by the Pope.
1669 : The island of Crete in the Mediterranean Sea falls to the Ottoman Turks after a 21-year siege.
1791 : Jews in France are granted French citizenship.
1864 : Confederate guerrilla Bloody Bill Anderson and his henchmen, including a teenage Jesse James, massacre 20 unarmed Union soldiers at Centralia, Missouri. The event becomes known as the Centralia Massacre.
1869 : Wild Bill Hickok, sheriff of Hays City, Kan., shoots down Samuel Strawhim, a drunken teamster causing trouble.
1916 : Constance of Greece declares war on Bulgaria.
1918 : President Woodrow Wilson opens his fourth Liberty Loan campaign to support men and machines for World War I.
1920 : Eight Chicago White Sox players are charged with fixing the 1919 World Series.
1939 : Germany occupies Warsaw as Poland falls to Germany and the Soviet Union.
1942 : Australian forces defeat the Japanese on New Guinea in the South Pacific.
1944 : Thousands of British troops are killed as German forces rebuff their massive effort to capture the Arnhem Bridge across the Rhine River in Holland.
1950 : U.S. Army and Marine troops liberate Seoul, South Korea.
1956 : The U.S. Air Force Bell X-2, the world's fastest and highest-flying plane, crashes, killing the test pilot.
1964 : The Warren Commission, investigating the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, issues its report, stating its conclusion that Lee Harvey Oswald was the sole gunman.
1979 : US Congress approves Department of Education as the 13th agency in the US Cabinet.
1983 : Sukhumi massacre: Abkhaz separatist forces and their allies commit widespread atrocities against the civilian population in the USSR state of Georgia.
1996 : The Taliban capture Afghanistan's capital city, Kabul.
2003 : European Space Agency launches SMART-1satellite to orbit the moon.
2007 : NASA launches Dawnprobe to explore and study the two larges objects of the asteroid belt, Vesta and Ceres.
2008 : Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese to walk in space; he was part of the Shenzhou 7 crew.
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