Today in History September 21
454 : In Italy, Aetius, the supreme army commander, is murdered in Ravenna by Valentinian III, the emperor of the West.
1327 : Edward II of England is murdered by order of his wife.
1520 : Suleiman (the Magnificent), son of Selim, becomes Ottoman sultan in Constantinople.
1589 : The Duke of Mayenne of France is defeated by Henry IV at the Battle of Arques.
1673 : James Needham returns to Virginia after exploring the land to the west, which would become Tennessee.
1745 : A Scottish Jacobite army commanded by Lord George Murray routs the Royalist army of General Sir John Cope at Prestonpans.
1863 : Union troops defeated at Chickamauga seek refuge in Chattanooga, Tennessee, which is then besieged by Confederate troops.
1904 : Exiled Nez Perce leader Chief Joseph dies of a "broken heart".
1915 : Stonehenge is sold by auction for 6,600 pounds sterling ($11,500) to a Mr. Chubb, who buys it as a present for his wife. He presents it to the British nation three years later.
1929 : Fighting between China and the Soviet Union breaks out along the Manchurian border.
1936 : The German army holds its largest maneuvers since 1914.
1937 : The women's airspeed record is set at 292 mph by American pilot Jacqueline Cochran.
1937 : J.R.R. Tolkien's fantasy novel The Hobbit is published.
1941 : The German Army cuts off the Crimean Peninsula from the rest of the Soviet Union.
1942 : British forces attack the Japanese in Burma.
1944 : U.S. troops of the 7th Army, invading Southern France, cross the Meuse River.
1978 : Two Soviet cosmonauts set a space endurance record after 96 days in space.
1981 : Belize granted full independence from the United Kingdom.
1989 : General Colin Powell is confirmed by the U.S. Senate as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
1991 : Armenia granted independence from USSR.
1993 : The Russian constitutional crisis of 1993 begins when Russian President Boris Yeltsin suspends parliament and invalidates the existing constitution.
1999 : Earthquake in Taiwan kills more than 2,400, injures over 11,305, and causes $300 billion New Taiwan dollars ($10 billion in US dollars).
2003 : Galileo space mission ends as the probe is sent into Jupiter's atmosphere where it is crushed.
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